Signaling related to inter-band carrier aggregation

ABSTRACT

There is provided a method for performing communication related to inter-band CA. The method is performed by a wireless communication device. The wireless communication device may receive cell information from a PCell. The cell information may include first information that the PCell is collocated with a SCell within a base station or second information that the PCell is not collocated with the SCell. The PCell and the SCell are configured for the inter-band CA. The wireless communication device may perform communication with at least one of the PCell and the SCell.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.16/787,615, filed on Feb. 11, 2020, which claims the benefit of U.S.Provisional Application No. 62/804,746, filed on Feb. 12, 2019, thecontents of which are all hereby incorporated by reference herein in itsentirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to mobile communication.

BACKGROUND

With the success in the Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio AccessNetwork (E-UTRAN) for 4th generation mobile communication, i.e., longterm evolution (LTE)/LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), interest in thenext-generation, i.e., 5th generation (also known as 5G) mobilecommunication is rising, and extensive research and development are inprocess.

A new radio access technology (New RAT or NR) is being researched forthe 5th generation (also known as 5G) mobile communication.

For inter-band NR Carrier Aggregation (CA) in mmWave frequency range(e.g. FR 2), operation of User Equipment (UE) and/or gNB(next-generation NodeB) and whether the UE and/or the gNB supports FR 2inter-band CA or not were not clearly defined. Also, timingrequirements, such as MRTD (maximum receive timing difference) and MTTD(maximum transmit timing difference) for the FR 2 inter-band CA were notclearly defined. There is a need to resolve these unclearness.

SUMMARY

Accordingly, a disclosure of the specification has been made in aneffort to solve the aforementioned problem.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, a disclosureof this specification provides a method for performing communicationrelated to inter-band CA. The method is performed by a wirelesscommunication device. The wireless communication device may receive cellinformation from a PCell. The cell information may include firstinformation that the PCell is collocated with a SCell within a basestation or second information that the PCell is not collocated with theSCell. The PCell and the SCell are configured for the inter-band CA. Thewireless communication device may perform communication with at leastone of the PCell and the SCell.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, a disclosureof this specification provides a method for performing communicationrelated to inter-band CA. The method is performed by a base statingincluding PCell. The base station may receive capability informationrelated to an antenna type of a wireless communication device. The basestation may determine an applicability of the inter-band CA with thePCell and a SCell. The base station may perform communication based onthe applicability of the inter-band CA.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, a disclosureof this specification provides an apparatus in wireless communicationsystem. The apparatus comprises a processor and a memory coupled to theprocessor. The processor is configured to obtain cell information from aPCell, wherein the cell information may include first information thatthe PCell is collocated with a SCell within a base station or secondinformation that the PCell is not collocated with the SCell. The PCelland the SCell are configured for the inter-band CA. The processor isconfigured to perform communication with at least one of the PCell andthe SCell.

According to a disclosure of the present disclosure, the above problemof the related art is solved.

Effects obtained through specific examples of the present specificationare not limited to the effects listed above. For example, there may be avariety of technical effects that a person having ordinary skill in therelated art can understand or derive from this specification.Accordingly, the specific effects of the present disclosure are notlimited to those explicitly described herein, but may include variouseffects that may be understood or derived from the technical features ofthe present disclosure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates a wireless communication system.

FIGS. 2a to 2c are exemplary diagrams illustrating an exemplaryarchitecture for a service for next-generation mobile communication.

FIG. 3 is an exemplary diagram illustrating an example of an SS block inNR.

FIG. 4 is an exemplary diagram illustrating an example of beam sweepingin NR.

FIG. 5 shows an example of performing measurement in NR carrieraggregation case.

FIG. 6 shows an example of performing communication based on CA in NR.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing a first example of signaling related toFR 2 inter-band CA according to a disclosure of this specification.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing a second example of signaling related toFR 2 inter-band CA according to a disclosure of this specification.

FIGS. 9a and 9b is a flow chart showing a third example of signalingrelated to FR 2 inter-band CA according to a disclosure of thisspecification.

FIG. 10 is a flow chart showing an example of operation of wirelesscommunication device according to a disclosure of this specification.

FIG. 11 is a flow chart showing an example of operation of base stationaccording to a disclosure of this specification.

FIG. 12 illustrates a communication system 1 that can be applied to thepresent specification.

FIG. 13 illustrates an example of a wireless device that can be appliedto the present specification.

FIG. 14 illustrates an example of a signal processing circuit for atransmission signal that can be applied to the present specification.

FIG. 15 illustrates another example of a wireless device that can beapplied to the present specification.

FIG. 16 illustrates an example of a portable device that can be appliedto the present specification.

FIG. 17 illustrates an example of a vehicle or an autonomous vehiclethat can be applied to the present specification.

FIG. 18 illustrates an example of an AI device that can be applied tothe present specification.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

Hereinafter, based on 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) longterm evolution (LTE), 3GPP LTE-advanced (LTE-A), 3GPP 5G (5thgeneration) or 3GPP New Radio (NR), the present specification will beapplied. This is just an example, and the present specification may beapplied to various wireless communication systems. Hereinafter, LTEincludes LTE and/or LTE-A.

The technical terms used herein are used to merely describe specificembodiments and should not be construed as limiting the presentspecification. Further, the technical terms used herein should be,unless defined otherwise, interpreted as having meanings generallyunderstood by those skilled in the art but not too broadly or toonarrowly. Further, the technical terms used herein, which are determinednot to exactly represent the spirit of the specification, should bereplaced by or understood by such technical terms as being able to beexactly understood by those skilled in the art. Further, the generalterms used herein should be interpreted in the context as defined in thedictionary, but not in an excessively narrowed manner.

The expression of the singular number in the present specificationincludes the meaning of the plural number unless the meaning of thesingular number is definitely different from that of the plural numberin the context. In the following description, the term ‘include’ or‘have’ may represent the existence of a feature, a number, a step, anoperation, a component, a part or the combination thereof described inthe present specification, and may not exclude the existence or additionof another feature, another number, another step, another operation,another component, another part or the combination thereof.

The terms ‘first’ and ‘second’ are used for the purpose of explanationabout various components, and the components are not limited to theterms ‘first’ and ‘second’. The terms ‘first’ and ‘second’ are only usedto distinguish one component from another component. For example, afirst component may be named as a second component without deviatingfrom the scope of the present specification.

It will be understood that when an element or layer is referred to asbeing “connected to” or “coupled to” another element or layer, it can bedirectly connected or coupled to the other element or layer orintervening elements or layers may be present. In contrast, when anelement is referred to as being “directly connected to” or “directlycoupled to” another element or layer, there are no intervening elementsor layers present.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present specification will bedescribed in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.In describing the present specification, for ease of understanding, thesame reference numerals are used to denote the same componentsthroughout the drawings, and repetitive description on the samecomponents will be omitted. Detailed description on well-known artswhich are determined to make the gist of the specification unclear willbe omitted. The accompanying drawings are provided to merely make thespirit of the specification readily understood, but not should beintended to be limiting of the specification. It should be understoodthat the spirit of the specification may be expanded to itsmodifications, replacements or equivalents in addition to what is shownin the drawings.

In the appended drawings, although a User Equipment (UE) is illustratedas an example, this is merely an example given to simplify thedescription of the present disclosure. Herein, a UE may mean to awireless communication device performing communication in acommunication system, such as EPS and/or 5GS, and so on. And, the UEshown in the drawing may also be referred to as a terminal, a mobileequipment (ME), a wireless communication device, a wirelesscommunication apparatus, and so on. Additionally, the UE may be aportable device, such as a laptop computer, a mobile phone, a PDA, asmart phone, a multimedia device, and so on, or the UE may be anon-portable device, such as a personal computer (PC) or a vehiclemounted device.

Although the present disclosure has been described based on a UniversalMobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), an Evolved Packet Core (EPC),and a next generation (also known as 5th generation or 5G) mobilecommunication network, the present disclosure will be limited only tothe aforementioned communication systems and may, therefore, be appliedto all communication system and methods to which the technical scope andspirit of the present disclosure can be applied.

As used herein, “A or B” may mean “only A”, “only B”, or “both A and B”.In other words, “A or B” herein may be understood as “A and/or B”. Forexample, “A, B or C” herein means “only A”, “only B”, “only C”, or anycombination of A, B and C (any combination of A, B and C)”.

As used herein, a slash (/) or a comma may mean “and/or”. For example,“A/B” may mean “A and/or B”. Accordingly, “A/B” may mean “only A”, “onlyB”, or “both A and B”. For example, “A, B, C” may mean “A, B, or C”.

As used herein, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A”, “only B”,or “both A and B”. In addition, the expression “at least one of A or B”or “at least one of A and/or B” may be understood as “At least one of Aand B”.

In addition, in this specification, “at least one of A, B and C” maymean “only A”, “only B”, “only C”, or “any combination of A, B and C”.In addition, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and/orC” may mean “at least one of A, B and C”.

In addition, the parentheses used herein may mean “for example”. Indetail, when “control information (PDCCH (Physical Downlink ControlChannel))” is written herein, “PDCCH” may be proposed as an example of“control information”. In other words, “control information” of thepresent specification is not limited to “PDCCH”, and “PDDCH” may beproposed as an example of “control information”. In addition, even when“control information (i.e. PDCCH)” is written, “PDCCH” may be proposedas an example of “control information”.

The technical features individually described in one drawing in thisspecification may be implemented separately or at the same time.

As used herein, ‘base station’ generally refers to a fixed station thatcommunicates with a wireless device and may be denoted by other termssuch as eNB (evolved-NodeB), BTS (base transceiver system), gNB(next-generation NodeB), or access point.

As used herein, ‘user equipment (UE)’ may be an example of a wirelesscommunication device such as stationary or mobile. Also, UE may bedenoted by other terms such as device, wireless device, terminal, MS(mobile station), UT (user terminal), SS (subscriber station), MT(mobile terminal) and etc.

The following description of this specification may be applied to anext-generation (also known as 5th generation or 5G) mobilecommunication network.

FIG. 1 illustrates a wireless communication system.

As seen with reference to FIG. 1, the wireless communication systemincludes at least one base station (BS) 200. Each base station 200provides a communication service to specific geographical areas(generally, referred to as cells) 300 a, 300 b, and 300 c. The cell canbe further divided into a plurality of areas (sectors).

The UE 100 generally belongs to one cell and the cell to which the UEbelong is referred to as a serving cell. A base station that providesthe communication service to the serving cell is referred to as aserving BS. Since the wireless communication system is a cellularsystem, another cell that neighbors to the serving cell is present.Another cell which neighbors to the serving cell is referred to aneighbor cell. A base station that provides the communication service tothe neighbor cell is referred to as a neighbor BS. The serving cell andthe neighbor cell are relatively decided based on the UE.

Hereinafter, a downlink means communication from the base station 200 tothe UE 100 and an uplink means communication from the UE 100 to the basestation 200. In the downlink, a transmitter may be a part of the basestation 200 and a receiver may be a part of the UE 100. In the uplink,the transmitter may be a part of the UE 100 and the receiver may be apart of the base station 200.

Meanwhile, the wireless communication system may be generally dividedinto a frequency division duplex (FDD) type and a time division duplex(TDD) type. According to the FDD type, uplink transmission and downlinktransmission are achieved while occupying different frequency bands.According to the TDD type, the uplink transmission and the downlinktransmission are achieved at different time while occupying the samefrequency band. A channel response of the TDD type is substantiallyreciprocal. This means that a downlink channel response and an uplinkchannel response are approximately the same as each other in a givenfrequency area. Accordingly, in the TDD based wireless communicationsystem, the downlink channel response may be acquired from the uplinkchannel response. In the TDD type, since an entire frequency band istime-divided in the uplink transmission and the downlink transmission,the downlink transmission by the base station and the uplinktransmission by the terminal may not be performed simultaneously. In theTDD system in which the uplink transmission and the downlinktransmission are divided by the unit of a subframe, the uplinktransmission and the downlink transmission are performed in differentsubframes.

<Next-Generation Mobile Communication Network>

Thanks to the success of long term evolution (LTE)/LTE-advanced (LTE-A)for 4G mobile communication, interest in the next generation, i.e.,5-generation (so called 5G) mobile communication has been increased andresearches have been continuously conducted.

The 5G mobile telecommunications defined by the InternationalTelecommunication Union (ITU) refers to providing a data transmissionrate of up to 20 Gbps and a feel transmission rate of at least 100 Mbpsor more at any location. The official name is ‘IMT-2020’ and its goal isto be commercialized worldwide in 2020.

ITU proposes three usage scenarios, for example, enhanced Mobile BroadBand (eMBB) and massive machine type communication (mMTC) and ultrareliable and low latency communications (URLLC).

URLLC relates to usage scenarios that require high reliability and lowlatency. For example, services such as autonomous navigation, factoryautomation, augmented reality require high reliability and low latency(e.g., a delay time of 1 ms or less). Currently, the delay time of 4G(LTE) is statistically 21 to 43 ms (best 10%) and 33 to 75 ms (median).This is insufficient to support a service requiring a delay time of 1 msor less. Next, an eMBB usage scenario relates to a usage scenariorequiring a mobile ultra-wideband.

That is, the 5G mobile communication system aims at higher capacity thanthe current 4G LTE, may increase the density of mobile broadband users,and may support device to device (D2D), high stability and machine typecommunication (MTC). 5G research and development also aims at a lowerlatency time and lower battery consumption than a 4G mobilecommunication system to better implement the Internet of things. A newradio access technology (New RAT or NR) may be proposed for such 5Gmobile communication.

FIGS. 2a to 2c are exemplary diagrams illustrating exemplaryarchitectures for services of the next generation mobile communication.

Referring to FIG. 2a , the UE is connected to LTE/LTE-A based cells andNR based cells in a dual connectivity (DC) manner.

The NR-based cell is connected to a core network for existing 4G mobilecommunication, that is, an evolved packet core (EPC).

Referring to FIG. 2b , unlike FIG. 2a , the LTE/LTE-A based cell isconnected to a core network for the 5G mobile communication, that is, anext generation (NG) core network.

The service scheme based on the architecture as illustrated in FIGS. 2aand 2B is called non-standalone (NSA).

Referring to FIG. 2c , the UE is connected only to NR-based cells. Theservice method based on such an architecture is called standalone (SA).

On the other hand, in the NR, it may be considered that the receptionfrom the base station uses a downlink subframe, and the transmission tothe base station uses an uplink subframe. This method may be applied topaired spectra and unpaired spectra. A pair of spectra means that thetwo carrier spectra are included for downlink and uplink operations. Forexample, in a pair of spectra, one carrier may include a downlink bandand an uplink band that are paired with each other.

The NR supports a plurality of numerologies (e.g. a plurality of valuesof subcarrier spacing (SCS)) in order to support various 5G services.For example, when the SCS is 15 kHz, a wide area in traditional cellularbands is supported. When the SCS is 30 kHz/60 kHz, a dense-urban,lower-latency, and wider carrier bandwidth is supported. When the SCS is60 kHz or greater, a bandwidth greater than 24.25 GHz is supported inorder to overcome phase noise.

An NR frequency band may be defined as two types (FR1 and FR2) offrequency ranges. The frequency ranges may be changed. For example, thetwo types (FR1 and FR2) of frequency bands are illustrated in Table 1.For the convenience of description, among the frequency bands used inthe NR system, FR1 may refer to a “sub-6-GHz range”, FR2 may refer to an“above-6-GHz range” and may be referred to as a millimeter wave(mmWave).

TABLE 1 Frequency Range Corresponding Frequency Subcarrier DesignationRange Spacing FR1  450 MHz-6000 MHz  15, 30, 60 kHz FR2 24250 MHz-52600MHz 60, 120, 240 kHz

As described above, the frequency ranges for the NR system may bechanged. For example, FR1 may include a range from 410 MHz to 7125 MHzas illustrated in Table 2. That is, FR1 may include a frequency band of6 GHz or greater (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, or the like). For example,the frequency band of 6 GHz or greater (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz or thelike) included in FR1 may include an unlicensed band. The unlicensedband may be used for various uses, for example, for vehicularcommunication (e.g., autonomous driving).

TABLE 2 Frequency Range Corresponding Designation Frequency RangeSubcarrier Spacing FR1  410 MHz-7125 MHz 15, 30, 60 kHz FR2 24250MHz-52600 MHz 60, 120, 240 kHz

Table 3 shows examples of operating bands on FR1. Operating bands shownin Table 3 is a reframing operating band that is transitioned from anoperating band of LTE/LTE-A. This operating band may be referred to asFR1 operating band.

TABLE 3 NR Uplink (UL) Downlink (DL) operating operating band operatingband Duplex band F_(UL)_low-F_(UL)_high F_(DL)_low-F_(DL)_high mode n11920 MHz-1980 MHz 2110 MHz-2170 MHz FDD n2 1850 MHz-1910 MHz 1930MHz-1990 MHz FDD n3 1710 MHz-1785 MHz 1805 MHz-1880 MHz FDD n5 824MHz-849 MHz 869 MHz-894 MHz FDD n7 2500 MHz-2570 MHz 2620 MHz-2690 MHzFDD n8 880 MHz-915 MHz 925 MHz-960 MHz FDD n20 832 MHz-862 MHz 791MHz-821 MHz FDD n28 703 MHz-748 MHz 758 MHz-803 MHz FDD n38 2570MHz-2620 MHz 2570 MHz-2620 MHz TDD n41 2496 MHz-2690 MHz 2496 MHz-2690MHz TDD n50 1432 MHz-1517 MHz 1432 MHz-1517 MHz TDD n51 1427 MHz-1432MHz 1427 MHz-1432 MHz TDD n66 1710 MHz-1780 MHz 2110 MHz-2200 MHz FDDn70 1695 MHz-1710 MHz 1995 MHz-2020 MHz FDD n71 663 MHz-698 MHz 617MHz-652 MHz FDD n74 1427 MHz-1470 MHz 1475 MHz-1518 MHz FDD n75 N/A 1432MHz-1517 MHz SDL n76 N/A 1427 MHz-1432 MHz SDL n77 3300 MHz-4200 MHz3300 MHz-4200 MHz TDD n78 3300 MHz-3800 MHz 3300 MHz-3800 MHz TDD n794400 MHz-5000 MHz 4400 MHz-5000 MHz TDD n80 1710 MHz-1785 MHz N/A SULn81 880 MHz-915 MHz N/A SUL n82 832 MHz-862 MHz N/A SUL n83 703 MHz-748MHz N/A SUL n84 1920 MHz-1980 MHz N/A SUL

Table 4 shows examples of operating bands on FR2. The following tableshows operating bands defined on a high frequency. This operating bandis referred to as FR2 operating band.

TABLE 4 NR Uplink (UL) Downlink (DL) Du- operating operating bandoperating band plex band F_(UL)_low-F_(UL)_high F_(DL)_low-F_(DL)_highmode n257 26500 MHz-29500 MHz 26500 MHz-29500 MHz TDD n258 24250MHz-27500 MHz 24250 MHz-27500 MHz TDD n260 37000 MHz-40000 MHz 37000MHz-40000 MHz TDD n261 27500 MHz- 27500 MHz- TDD 283500 MHz 283500 MHz

<SS Block in NR>

In 5G NR, the UE defines a physical block channel (PBCH) includinginformation required to perform an initial access, that is, a masterinformation block (MIB) and a synchronization signal SS (including PSSand SSS). In addition, a plurality of SS blocks are bound to be definedas an SS burst, and a plurality of SS bursts are bound to be defined asan SS burst set. Each SS block is assumed to be beamformed in a specificdirection, and several SS blocks in the SS burst set are designed tosupport UEs in different directions.

FIG. 3 is an exemplary diagram illustrating an example of an SS block inNR.

Referring to FIG. 3, the SS burst is transmitted every predeterminedperiodicity. Therefore, the UE receives the SS block and performs celldetection and measurement.

On the other hand, in 5G NR, beam sweeping is performed on the SS.Hereinafter, it will be described with reference to FIG. 4.

FIG. 4 is an exemplary diagram illustrating an example of beam sweepingin NR.

The base station transmits each SS block in the SS burst with beamsweeping over time. At this time, the SS blocks in the SS burst set aretransmitted in order to support UEs existing in different directions. InFIG. 4, the SS burst set includes SS blocks 1 to 6, and each SS burstincludes two SS blocks.

<Carrier Aggregation>

A carrier aggregation system is now described.

A carrier aggregation system aggregates a plurality of componentcarriers (CCs). A meaning of an existing cell is changed according tothe above carrier aggregation. According to the carrier aggregation, acell may signify a combination of a downlink component carrier and anuplink component carrier or an independent downlink component carrier.

Further, the cell in the carrier aggregation may be classified into aprimary cell, a secondary cell, and a serving cell. The primary cellsignifies a cell operated in a primary frequency. The primary cellsignifies a cell which UE performs an initial connection establishmentprocedure or a connection reestablishment procedure or a cell indicatedas a primary cell in a handover procedure. The secondary cell signifiesa cell operating in a secondary frequency. Once the RRC connection isestablished, the secondary cell is used to provide an additional radioresource.

As described above, the carrier aggregation system may support aplurality of component carriers (CCs), that is, a plurality of servingcells unlike a single carrier system.

The carrier aggregation system may support a cross-carrier scheduling.The cross-carrier scheduling is a scheduling method capable ofperforming resource allocation of a PDSCH transmitted through othercomponent carrier through a PDCCH transmitted through a specificcomponent carrier and/or resource allocation of a PUSCH transmittedthrough other component carrier different from a component carrierbasically linked with the specific component carrier.

FIG. 5 shows an example of performing measurement in NR carrieraggregation case.

Referring to FIG. 5, the UE 100 is configured for a carrier aggregationwith a first cell (e.g., PCell) and a second cell (e.g. SCell). Here,the Pcell may be an NR based cell, and the Scell may be an NR basedcell.

The UE 100 may receive measurement configuration (or “measconfig”)information element (IE). The measurement configuration (or“measconfig”) IE may include fields shown in the following tables.

Table 5 is an example of the measurement configuration IE. Themeasurement configuration IE is not limited by examples shown in Table6, The measurement configuration IE may include different informationfrom the Table 5

TABLE 5 MeasConfig field description measGapConfig It indicatesconfiguration or cancelation of a measurement gap s-MeasureConfig Itindicates a threshold value for measurement of NR SpCell (secondaryprimary cell) RSRP (Reference signal received power) when a UE needs toperform measurement on a non-serving cell.

The above measGapConfig of Table 5 may further include fields. Forexample, measGapConfig may include fields as examples shown in Table 6.Table 6 shows examples that measGapConfig may further includes. Fieldsthat measGapConfig may further includes are not limited by examplesshown in Table 6.

TABLE 6 MeasGapConfig field description gapFR1 It indicates ameasurement gap configuration applicable for FR1 frequency range. gapFR2It indicates a measurement gap configuration applicable for FR2frequency range. gapOffset It indicates a gap offset of a gap patternwith an MGRP.( Measurement Gap Repetition Period) mgl It indicates ameasurement gap length by ms. For example, mgl may be 3 ms, 4 ms, 6 ms,etc. mgrp It indicates a measurement gap repetition period by ms. mgtaIt indicates whether to apply a timing advance (TA) of 0.5 ms for ameasurement gap configuration.

The UE 100 receives a radio resource configuration information element(IE).

The UE 100 performs measurement and reports a measurement result.

<Disclosure of this Specification>

The disclosure of this specification will describe operations ofentities within a communication system, such as a UE (as an example ofwireless communication device), a base station including a PCell and/ora SCell, etc.

For inter-band NR Carrier Aggregation (CA) in mmWave frequency range(e.g. FR 2), operation of User Equipment (UE) and gNB (next-generationNodeB) and whether the UE and the gNB supports FR 2 inter-band CA or notwere not clearly defined. Also, timing requirements, such as MRTD(maximum receive timing difference) and MTTD (maximum transmit timingdifference) for the FR 2 inter-band CA were not clearly defined. In thisspecification signaling toe resolve the unclearness is introduced.

For UE to perform communication based on inter-band CA in NR(hereinafter, also written as inter-band NR CA), minimum requirementsare used. As examples of the minimum requirements, timing requirementsfor inter-band NR CA needs to be satisfied. For example, the timingrequirements includes maximum receive timing difference (MRTD) andmaximum transmit timing difference (MTTD).

For inter-band NR CA, the requirements of MRTD and MTTD were defined for3 inter-band NR CA cases such as FR1 inter-band CA, FR2 inter-band CAand FR1+FR2 inter-band CA.

Herein, FR1 inter-band CA may mean inter-band CA configured withoperating bands in FR 1. FR2 inter-band CA may mean inter-band CAconfigured with operating bands in FR2. FR1+FR2 inter-band CA may meaninter-band CA configured with at least one operating band in FR1 and atleast one operating band in FR2.

Examples of MRTD and MTTD and detailed description of MTTD and MRTD arewritten below with Table 7 and Table 8.

Table 7 shows examples of MRTD for 3 inter-band NR CA cases.

TABLE 7 Maximum receive timing Frequency Range difference (μs) FR1 33FR2 8 Between FR1 and 25 FR2

Frequency Range in Table 7 may mean Frequency Range of the pair ofcarriers configured for the inter-band NR CA.

A UE configured with inter-band NR CA shall be capable of handling arelative receive timing difference among the closest slot timingboundaries of different carriers, each received from

-   -   one PCell configured with pTAG (primary Timing Advance Group)        and at least one SCell configured with sTAG (secondary Timing        Advance Group), to be aggregated in NR carrier aggregation in SA        (NR standalone) or in NE-DC(NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity), or    -   Cells configured with more than one sTAG, to be aggregated in NR        carrier aggregation in EN-DC

MRTD may mean allowed maximum value of the relative timing differencesamong the closest slot timing boundaries of slots, which arerespectively received from the different carriers to be aggregated inthe NR CA.

For inter-band NR carrier aggregation, the UE shall be capable ofhandling at least a relative receive timing difference between slottiming of all pairs of carriers to be aggregated at the UE receiverbased on MRTD as examples shown in Table 7.

For example, based on Table 7, a UE configured with inter-band NR CA inFR2, relative timing differences among the closest slot timingboundaries of slots, which are respectively received form the differentcarriers (from a PCell in FR2 and a SCell in FR2) needs to be equal orless than 8 μs.

Table 8 shows examples of MTTD for 3 inter-band NR CA cases.

TABLE 8 Maximum transmission Frequency Range timing difference (μs) FR134.6 FR2 8.5 Between FR1 and 26.1 FR2

Frequency Range in Table 8 may mean Frequency Range of the pair ofcarriers configured for the inter-band NR CA.

A UE configured with inter-band NR CA shall be capable of handling arelative transmission timing difference among the closest slot timingboundaries of different carriers, each transmitted to

-   -   one PCell configured with pTAG and at least one SCell configured        with sTAG, to be aggregated in NR carrier aggregation in SA (NR        standalone) or in NE-DC, or    -   Cells configured with more than one sTAG, to be aggregated in NR        carrier aggregation in EN-DC.

MTTD may mean allowed maximum value of the relative transmission timingdifference among the closest slot timing boundaries of slots, which arerespectively transmitted to the different carries to be aggregated inthe NR CA.

For inter-band NR CA, the UE shall be capable of handling at least arelative transmission timing difference between slot timing of all pairsof carriers to be aggregated at the UE transmitter based on MTTD asexamples shown in Table 8.

For example, based on Table 8, a UE configured with inter-band NR CA inFR2, relative transmission timing difference among the closest slottiming boundaries of slots, which are respectively transmitted to thedifferent carriers (to a PCell in FR2 and a SCell in FR2) needs to beequal to or less than 8.5 μs.

FIG. 6 shows an example of performing communication based on CA in NR.

In FIG. 6, CA is configured for UE 100. PCell 200 a and SCell 200 b areconfigured for the CA to the UE 100.

PCell 200 a and SCell 200 b may transmit data to UE 100.

UE 100 may measure relative receive timing difference between a firstreceive timing from PCell 200 a and a second receive timing form theSCell 200 b. The performance of UE 100 is guaranteed to provide that themeasured relative receive timing difference does not exceed MRTD (e.g.values MRTD in examples of Table 7).

UE 100 may transmit data to PCell 200 a and SCell 200 b. Relative timingdifference between a first transmission timing to PCell 200 a and asecond transmission timing to SCell 200 b does not exceed MTTD (e.g.values MTTD in examples of Table 8)

As explained with FIG. 6, requirements of MRTD and MTTD are applied toUE 100 configured with NR CA.

The requirements of MRTD of examples shown in Table 7 were defined bytaking into account BS TAE (timing alignment error, 3 us) and relativepropagation delay difference with assumption of non-collocated BS (BaseStation) as shown in Table 9.

TABLE 9 Frequency Maximum transmission Propagation delay Range timingdifference (μs) TAE(μs) difference(μs) FR1 34.6 3 30 FR2 8.5 3 0 BetweenFR1 26.1 3 5 and FR2

The requirements of MTTD of examples shown in Table 8 were defined byconsidering MRTD and transmitting timing error as shown in Table 10.

TABLE 10 Maximum Maximum receive Transmit Frequency transmission timingdifference timing Range timing difference (μs) (μs) error(μs) FR1 34.633 1.6 FR2 8.5 8 0.5 Between FR1 26.1 25 1.1 and FR2

“collocated BS” and “BSs are collocated” may mean (i) a BS including aPCell of inter-band NR CA and a BS including a SCell of inter-band NR CAare same (also means that PCell and SCell are collocated within a BS),or (ii) a distance between the BS including the PCell of inter-band NRCA and the BS including the SCell of inter-band NR CA is equal to orless than a predetermined distance (for example, 10 meter).

“non-collocated BS” or “BSs are non-collocated” may mean the BSincluding the PCell of inter-band NR CA and the BS including the SCellof inter-band NR CA are not collocated. It may also means that the PCelland the SCell are not collocated.

In FR2, beam forming is mandated in UE side. That is, in NR, beamforming is mandated in UE side for performing communication based onoperating bands in FR2.

However, when defining MRTD and MTTD for FR2 inter-band NR CA, the beamforming depending on implemented antenna type in the UE side was notconsidered. The implemented antenna type of the UE may include separatedantennas or shared antenna. That is, the UE may be configured with theseparated antennas or the shared antenna.

The separated antennas may mean that the UE may perform beam formingindependently per an operating band among operating bands configured forFR2 inter-band NR CA simultaneously. The beam forming may be performedby the UE for receiving and/or transmitting signal. That is, the UEconfigured with separated antennas may perform communication based onbeams orienting different directions simultaneously. The shared antennamay mean that the UE may perform single beam forming. The single beamforming may be performed by the UE for receiving and/or transmittingsignal. That is, the UE configured with the shared antenna may performcommunication based on a single beam orienting one direction.

For example, UE, which is configured for FR2 inter-band NR CA, mayperform beam forming independently per an operating band among operatingbands configured for FR2 inter-band NR CA or may perform single beamforming for one operating band among operating bands configured for FR2inter-band NR CA, depending on implemented antenna type. That is why UEantenna can be implemented with separated antennas or shared antenna forsupporting FR2 inter-band NR CA.

The current requirements of MRTD and MTTD are applicable for onlyseparated antennas, i.e. UE supporting independent beam forming for FR2inter-band NR CA. However, using separated antenna per an operating bandis not mandated in the UE side. In other words, UE can also perform beamforming with shared antenna for FR2.

So, the impact by different antenna architecture (antenna type) needs tobe analyzed and considered for the requirements, such as MRTD and MTTD.Also, a locational relationship (deployment type) of BSs, such aswhether BSs for inter-band NR CA are collocated or non-collocated, needsto be considered for the requirements, such as MRTD and MTTD.

Hereinafter, detailed examples and detailed explanation related to FR2inter-band CA based on antenna type of a UE and/or deployment type of BS(the locational relationship of BSs) are disclosed, but the presentspecification is not limited thereto. Various technical features may bedescribed herein.

(1) UE Capable of FR2 Inter-Band NR CA with Shared Antenna.

The UE capable of FR2 inter-band NR CA with shared antenna may performsingle beam forming for a corresponding CC (component carrier) at sametime. That is, only single beam forming for the corresponding CC ispossible for the UE.

In this case, if deployed with non-collocated NR BS (if non-collocatedNR BSs are configured for FR2 inter-band NR CA for a UE), thesimultaneous transmission or simultaneous reception for FR2 inter-bandNR CA cannot be expected for the UE, so that the requirements of MRTDand MTTD, such as examples shown in Table 7 and Table 8, are notapplicable.

However, if deployed under collocated BS (if collocated NR BSs areconfigured for FR2 inter-band NR CA for a UE), the requirements of MRTDand MTTD, such as examples shown in Table 7 and Table 8, can be reusedwith the requirements for FR2 intra-band non-contiguous NR CA withcollocated deployment.

(2) UE Capable of FR2 Inter-Band NR CA with Separated Antennas.

The UE capable of FR2 inter-band NR CA with separated antenna peroperating band, may perform independent beam forming for each CC amongCCs, which are configured for the FR2 inter-band CA, at same time. Thatis, independent beam forming for each CC is possible simultaneously atsame time for the UE capable of FR2 inter-band NR CA with the separatedantennas.

So, the current requirements of MRTD (8 us) and MTTD (8.5 us), such asexamples shown in Table 7 and Table 8, for FR2 inter-band NR CA areapplicable.

As seen above with (1) and (2), the requirements of MRTD and MTTD forFR2 inter-band NR CA can be different (applicable or not applicable)according to deployment type of BSs (collocated BS or non-collocated BS)and antenna type of the UE (UE supporting independent beam forming perband or not).

Referring to exemplary cases shown in the following FIGS. 7 to 9,applicability of FR2 inter-band NR CA and requirements for the FR2inter-band NR CA based on the antenna type of the UE and/or deploymenttype of BSs is explained. Also, power saving in addition to therequirements for the FR2 inter-band NR CA is explained.

The following drawings (FIGS. 7 to 18) are created to explain specificexamples of the present specification. The names of the specific devicesor the names of the specific signals/messages/fields shown in thedrawings are provided by way of example, and thus the technical featuresof the present specification are not limited to the specific names usedin the following drawings (FIGS. 7 to 19).

FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing a first example of signaling related toFR 2 inter-band CA according to a disclosure of this specification.

According to FIG. 7, UE and PCell are connected. PCell may transmit cellinformation to the UE. The UE may receive cell information from PCell.The cell information informs the UE that PCell and SCell are collocatedor non-collocated.

If gNB including PCell transmits the cell information (informing PCelland SCell are collocated or non-collocated) to the UE. The UE may knowwhether FR2 inter-band CA is supported by the UE or not based on thecell information and capability of the UE (for example, antenna type ofthe UE). The capability of the UE may includes information related towhether the UE supports independent beam forming per band or not. Forexample, the capability of the UE includes information related toantenna type of the UE. The antenna type of the UE may be a sharedantenna or separated antennas.

In this case, if the UE does not transmit any capability informationincluding the antenna type of the UE to the gNB including PCell, thefollowings are disclosed.

(1) Non-Collocated NR BS (FR2): The Cell Information Informs the UE thatPCell and SCell are Non-Collocated

1-a) UE Configured with Separated Antenna Per an Operating Band (theAntenna Type of the UE is Separated Antennas)

-   -   The UE can support FR2 inter-band NR CA. It is because the UE        may perform independent beam forming per operating bands for        PCell and SCell, which are non-collocated.    -   Requirements of MRTD (8 μs) and MTTD (8.5 μs), as shown in the        examples of Table 7 and Table 8, are applicable

1-b) UE Configured with Shared Antenna (the Antenna Type of the UE isShared Antenna)

-   -   The UE cannot support FR2 inter-band NR CA. It is because the UE        may perform single beam forming for on operating band but PCell        and SCell are non-collocated. Thus, the UE cannot receive or        transmit signal with respect to PCell and SCell at same time.    -   Requirements of MRTD and MTTD, such as examples shown in Table 7        and Table 8, are not applicable to the UE. It is because the UE        cannot support FR2 inter-band NR CA.    -   If the UE does not transmit any capability information including        the antenna type of the UE (information related to that the UE        does not support beam forming per operating band) to the gNB        including PCell, the gNB including PCell cannot know that the UE        cannot support FR2 inter-band NR CA. That is, there is no way        for the gNB to stop configuring FR2 inter-band NR CA to the        corresponding UE. Then, even if the gNB configures inter-band NR        CA for the UE, the UE may not detect signals from the SCell and        may perform communication with the PCell.

(2) Collocated NR BS (FR2): The Cell Information Informs the UE thatPCell and SCell are Collocated

2-a) UE Configured with Separated Antenna Per Band (the Antenna Type ofthe UE is Separated Antennas)

-   -   The UE can support FR2 inter-band NR CA.    -   Requirements of MRTD (8 μs) and MTTD (8.5 μs), as shown in        examples of Table 7 and Table 8, are applicable. Also, smaller        values of the requirements of MRTD and MTTD for intra-band        non-contiguous NR CA can be applicable because PCell and SCell        are collocated. Based on that the PCell and the SCell are        collocated, propagation delay difference of signals each from        the PCell and the SCell may be 0, thus the requirements of MRTD        and MTTD may become smaller.    -   The UE may turn off one antenna among separated antennas to save        power. In other words, the UE can perform power saving by        turning off one antenna among separated antennas. It is because        the UE can support NR inter-band CA based on one antenna for        collocated PCell and SCell.

2-b) UE Configured with Shared Antenna (the Antenna Type of the UE isShared Antenna)

-   -   The UE can support FR2 inter-band NR CA. It is because PCell and        SCell are collocated.    -   Requirements of MRTD (8 us) and MTTD (8.5 us), such as examples        shown in Table 7 and Table 8, are applicable. Also, smaller        values of the requirements of MRTD and MTTD for intra-band        non-contiguous NR CA can be also applicable because PCell and        SCell is collocated. Based on that the PCell and the SCell are        collocated, propagation delay difference of signals each from        the PCell and the SCell may be 0, thus the requirements of MRTD        and MTTD may become smaller.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing a second example of signaling related toFR 2 inter-band CA according to a disclosure of this specification.

According to FIG. 8, UE and PCell are connected. UE may transmitcapability information. The capability information includes informationrelated to whether the UE supports independent beam forming per anoperating band or not. For example, the capability of the UE includesinformation related to antenna type of the UE. The antenna type of theUE may be a shared antenna or separated antennas.

Based on reception of the capability information, the PCell may know thecapability of the UE. For example, the PCell may know the capability ofUE for supporting independent beam forming per operating band, which isconfigured for FR 2 inter-band NR CA.

If the UE transmits the capability information to the PCell, the PCellcan configure FR2 inter-band CA with SCell to the corresponding UE basedon the capability information and deployment type of BSs (collocated BSor non-collocated BS). For example, the capability information mayincludes information that the antenna type of the UE is a shared antennawhich does not support the independent beam forming per band for FR 2inter-band NR CA or includes information that the antenna type of the UEis separated antennas which support the independent beam forming perband for FR 2 inter-band NR CA.

In the second example shown in FIG. 9, if the PCell does not transmitcell information related to the deployment type of BSs, the followingsare disclosed.

(1) UE Configured with Separated Antennas Supporting Beam Forming Per anOperating Band.

1-a) Non-Collocated NR BS (FR2): The PCell and the SCell are notCollocated.

-   -   The gNB (PCell) may configure FR2 inter-band NR CA to the        corresponding UE.    -   Requirements of MRTD (8 us) and MTTD (8.5 us), as shown in the        examples of Table 7 and Table 8, are applicable to the UE.

1-b) Collocated NR BS (FR2): The PCell and the SCell are Collocated.

-   -   The gNB (PCell) may configure FR2 inter-band NR CA to the        corresponding UE.    -   Also, smaller values of the requirements of MRTD and MTTD for        intra-band non-contiguous NR CA can be applicable to the        corresponding UE because PCell and SCell is collocated. However,        Requirements of MRTD (8 us) and MTTD (8.5 us), as shown in the        examples of Table 7 and Table 8, may be applied to the UE,        because the UE does not know the deployment type of BSs (the UE        does not know that the PCell and the SCell are collocated).    -   Even if the UE is configured with separated antennas, the UE        cannot turn off one of the separated antennas for power saving        because the UE does not know the deployment type of BSs that the        PCell and the SCell are collocated.

(2) UE Configured with a Shared Antenna, which does not Support BeamForming Per an Operating Band.

2-a) Non-Collocated NR BS (FR2): The PCell and the SCell are notCollocated.

-   -   The UE configured with the shared antenna cannot support FR 2        inter-band CA. It is because the UE cannot communicate with both        of the PCell and the SCell at same time due to single beam        forming performed with the shared antenna.    -   The gNB (PCell) may stop configure FR2 inter-band NR CA with the        SCell to the corresponding UE. For example, the gNB (PCell)        won't configure FR2 inter-band CA with the SCell to the        corresponding UE. It is because the UE configured with the        shared antenna cannot perform communication with both of the        PCell and the SCell at same time.    -   Requirements of MRTD and MTTD are not applicable to the UE. It        is because the UE cannot support inter-band CA with the PCell        and the SCell, which are not collocated.

2-b) Collocated NR BS (FR2): The PCell and the SCell are Collocated.

-   -   The UE can support FR 2 inter-band NR CA with the PCell and the        SCell. It is because the UE may perform beam forming orienting    -   The gNB (PCell) may configure FR2 inter-band CA to the UE.    -   Also, smaller values of the requirements of MRTD and MTTD for        intra-band non-contiguous NR CA can be applicable to the        corresponding UE because PCell and SCell is collocated. However,        Requirements of MRTD (8 us) and MTTD (8.5 us), as shown in the        examples of Table 7 and Table 8, may be applied to the UE,        because the UE does not know the deployment type of BSs (the UE        does not know that the PCell and the SCell are collocated).

FIGS. 9a and 9b is a flow chart showing a third example of signalingrelated to FR 2 inter-band CA according to a disclosure of thisspecification.

The third example of signaling related to FR2 inter-band CA is acombination of the first example shown in FIG. 7 and the second exampleshown in FIG. 8.

The gNB (PCell) may transmit cell information to the UE and the UE maytransmit capability information to the gNB (PCell). For example, asshown in FIG. 9a , a transmission of cell information may be performedfirst and a transmission of capability information may be performedafter the transmission of the cell information. For example, as shown inFIG. 9b , a transmission of capability information may be performedfirst and a transmission of cell information may be performed after thetransmission of the capability information.

According to the third example shown in FIGS. 9a and 9b , the UEreceives cell information, which is related to that the gNB (PCell) andgNB (the SCell) are collocated or non-collocated. The gNB receives thecapability information related to supporting of independent beam formingper an operating band for FR2 inter-band NR CA.

The UE may know whether the PCell and the SCell are collocated ornon-collocated based on the cell information. The PCell may know whetherthe UE is configured with a shared antenna or separated antennas basedon the capability information.

The gNB (PCell) gives information of collocated or non-collocated BS tothe UE and based on that the UE gives capability information ofsupporting independent beam forming per band for FR2 inter-band NR CA togNB. The UE may know whether FR2 inter-band NR CA is supported by the UEor not based on the cell information and the capability informationrelated to supporting independent beam forming per an operating band.The gNB (PCell) may configure the FR2 inter-band NR CA to the UE basedon considering the capability information and deployment type(collocated BS or non-collocated BS). In this case, the followings canbe disclosed.

(1) Non-Collocated NR BS (FR2): The Cell Information Informs the UE thatPCell and SCell are Non-Collocated

1-a) UE Configured with Separated Antenna Per an Operating Band (theAntenna Type of the UE is Separated Antennas)

-   -   The UE can support FR2 inter-band NR CA. It is because the UE        may perform independent beam forming per operating bands for        PCell and SCell, which are non-collocated.    -   The gNB (PCell) may configure FR2 inter-band NR CA to the UE.    -   Requirements of MRTD (8 us) and MTTD (8.5 us), as shown in the        examples of Table 7 and Table 8, are applicable to the UE.

1-b) UE Configured with Shared Antenna (the Antenna Type of the UE isShared Antenna)

-   -   The UE cannot support FR2 inter-band NR CA. It is because the UE        may perform single beam forming for on operating band but PCell        and SCell are non-collocated. Thus, the UE cannot receive or        transmit signal with respect to PCell and SCell at same time.    -   The gNB (PCell) may stop configure FR2 inter-band NR CA with the        SCell to the corresponding UE. For example, the gNB (PCell)        won't configure FR2 inter-band CA with the SCell to the        corresponding UE. It is because the UE configured with the        shared antenna cannot perform communication with both of the        PCell and the SCell at same time.    -   Requirements of MRTD and MTTD are not applicable to the UE. It        is because the UE cannot support inter-band CA with the PCell        and the SCell, which are not collocated.

(2) Collocated NR BS (FR2): The Cell Information Informs the UE thatPCell and SCell are Collocated

1-a) UE Configured with Separated Antenna Per an Operating Band (theAntenna Type of the UE is Separated Antennas)

-   -   The UE can support FR2 inter-band NR CA.    -   The gNB (PCell) may configure FR2 inter-band CA to the UE.    -   Requirements of MRTD (8 μs) and MTTD (8.5 μs), as shown in        examples of Table 7 and Table 8, are applicable. Also, smaller        values of the requirements of MRTD and MTTD for intra-band        non-contiguous NR CA can be applicable because PCell and SCell        is collocated.    -   The UE can turn off one antenna among separated antennas to        saving power. In other words, the UE can perform power saving by        turning off one antenna among separated antennas. It is because        the UE can support NR inter-band CA based on one antenna for        collocated PCell and SCell.

1-b) UE Configured with Shared Antenna (the Antenna Type of the UE isShared Antenna)

-   -   The UE can support FR2 inter-band NR CA.    -   The gNB (PCell) may configure FR2 inter-band CA to the UE.    -   Requirements of MRTD (8 μs) and MTTD (8.5 μs), as shown in        examples of Table 7 and Table 8, are applicable. Also, smaller        values of the requirements of MRTD and MTTD for intra-band        non-contiguous NR CA can be applicable because PCell and SCell        is collocated.

According to 3 examples as explained above with FIGS. 7 to 9 b, thecurrent requirements of MRTD (8 us) and MTTD (8.5 us), as shown inexamples of Table 7 and Table 8, for FR2 inter-band NR CA are limited tobe applied to UE configured with separated beams. The UE configured withthe separated beams supports simultaneously independent beam formingunder non-collocated NR BS.

The current requirements of MRTD and MTTD for FR 2 inter-band CA need tobe revised by considering the deployment type of BSs (collocated BS ornon-collocated BS) and UE capability of supporting independent beamforming per an operating band. The current MRTD and MTTD for FR2inter-band CA need to be revised based on the 3 examples explained abovewith FIGS. 7 to 9 b.

For revising the current requirements of MRTD and MTTD, signaling of thecell information includes deployment type of BS and/or signaling ofcapability information includes UE capability supporting independentbeam forming per an operating band are needed.

The following note may be added to requirements for MRTD and MTTD. Thefollowing note may be added by considering deployment type of BS and UEcapability supporting independent beam forming per an operating band.

-   -   Note 1: If Cells to be aggregated in inter-band NR CA are        non-collocated, it is not applicable for UE not supporting        independent beam forming. If the cells are collocated, 3 us is        also applicable.

In Note 1, an example of Cells to be aggregated in the inter-band NR CAmay be a PCell and a SCell.

The following Table 11 and Table 12 are examples of adding the Note 1,which is explained above, to Table 7 and Table 8.

TABLE 11 Maximum receive timing Frequency Range difference (μs) FR1 33FR2 8 (Note 1) Between FR1 and 25 FR2 Note 1 If Cells to be aggregatedin inter-band NR CA are non-collocated, it is not applicable for UE notsupporting independent beam forming. If the cells are collocated, 3 μsis also applicable.

TABLE 12 Maximum transmission Frequency Range timing difference (μs) FR134.6 FR2 8.5 (Note 1) Between FR1 and 26.1 FR2 Note 1 If Cells to beaggregated in inter-band NR CA are non-collocated, it is not applicablefor UE not supporting independent beam forming. If the cells arecollocated, 3 μs is also applicable.

Signaling of information related to deployment type of BS for FR2inter-band NR CA may be defined. For example, PCell may transmit cellinformation, which includes first information that the PCell iscollocated with SCell within a base station or second information thatthe PCell is not collocated with the SCell to UE.

Signaling of UE capability information related to that the UE supportsindependent beam forming per an operating band for FR2 may be defined.For example, a UE may transmit capability information to PCell. Thecapability information may include information related to antenna typeof the UE. The antenna type of the UE may be configured as a sharedantenna or separated antennas for supporting independent beam formingper an operating band for FR2 inter-band CA.

Requirements for MRTD and MTTD for FR 2 inter-band NR CA by consideringthe deployment type of BSs (collocated BS or non-collocated BS) and UEcapability of supporting independent beam forming per an operating bandmay be defined.

The following Table 13 and Table 14 are examples of requirements forMRTD and MTTD for FR 2 inter-band NR CA by considering the deploymenttype of BSs and UE capability.

TABLE 13 UE capability of gNB supporting Frequency Maximum receivedeployment independent beam Range timing difference (μs) type formingper band FR1 33 FR2 8 Non-collocated Yes Not applicable Non-collocatedNo 8 Collocated Yes 8 Collocated No Between FR1 25 and FR2

Table 13 shows examples of requirements for MRTD. For example, if gNBdeployment type is non-collocated and the UE is configured with a sharedantenna, MRTD is not applicable for FR 2 inter-band CA.

TABLE 14 Maximum UE capability of transmission gNB supporting Frequencytiming deployment independent beam Range difference (μs) type formingper band FR1 34.6 FR2 8.5 Non-collocated Yes Not applicableNon-collocated No 8.5 Collocated Yes 8.5 Collocated No Between FR1 26.1and FR2

Table 14 shows examples of requirements for MTTD. For example, if gNBdeployment type is non-collocated and the UE is configured with a sharedantenna, MTTD is not applicable for FR 2 inter-band CA.

The following Table 15 and Table 16 are another examples of therequirements for MRTD and MTTD for FR 2 inter-band NR CA by consideringthe deployment type of BSs and UE capability. For collocated NR BS(PCell and SCell are collocated), the requirements of FR2 intra-bandnon-contiguous NR CA are reused for MRTD and MTTD for FR2 inter-band NRCA. For example, MRTD is 3 us and MTTD is not defined for therequirements of FR 2 intra-band non-contiguous NR CA. MRTD of 3 us andMTTD that is not defined may be revised if MRTD and MTTD for FR2intra-band non-contiguous NR CA are changed. For example, MRTD may be 4us and MTTD may be 5 us.

TABLE 15 UE capability of gNB supporting Frequency Maximum receivedeployment independent beam Range timing difference (μs) type formingper band FR1 33 FR2 8 Non-collocated Yes Not applicable Non-collocatedNo 3 Collocated Yes 3 Collocated No Between FR1 25 and FR2

Table 15 shows examples of requirements for MRTD. For example, if gNBdeployment type is non-collocated and the UE is configured with a sharedantenna, MRTD is not applicable for FR 2 inter-band CA. For example, ifgNB deployment type is collocated, MRTD of 3 us is applicable for FR 2inter-band CA.

TABLE 16 Maximum UE capability of transmission supporting Frequencytiming gNB independent beam Range difference (μs) deployed type formingper band FR1 34.6 FR2 8.5 Non-collocated Yes Not applicableNon-collocated No Not define Collocated Yes Not define Collocated NoBetween FR1 26.1 and FR2

Table 16 shows examples of requirements for MTTD. For example, if gNBdeployment type is non-collocated and the UE is configured with a sharedantenna, MTTD is not applicable for FR 2 inter-band CA. For example, ifgNB deployment type is collocated, MTTD not defined or MTTD of 5 us isapplicable for FR 2 inter-band CA.

FIG. 10 is a flow chart showing an example of operation of wirelesscommunication device according to a disclosure of this specification.

FIG. 10 shows an example of the operation of the wireless communicationdevice (e.g. UE). The wireless communication device may performoperations, explained above with FIGS. 1 to 9 b, related to the UE.Operation of the UE is not limited to FIG. 10.

In step S1001, the wireless communication device may receive cellinformation form a PCell. The cell information may include firstinformation that the PCell is collocated with a SCell within a basestation or second information that the PCell is not collocated with theSCell. The SCell and the PCell may use different operating bands to beconfigured for the inter-band CA.

In step S1002, the wireless communication device may performcommunication. For example, the wireless communication device mayperform the communication with at least one of the PCell and the SCell.The PCell and the SCell may be configured for the inter-band CA. Thecommunication may be performed based on the cell information and anantenna type of the wireless communication device.

The antenna type of the wireless communication device may be configuredas a shared antenna for operating bands or separated antennas for eachof the operating bands.

The communication may be performed with both of the PCell and the SCell,based on that the antenna type of the wireless communication device isconfigured as the separated antennas and based on that the secondinformation is included in the cell information.

The communication may be performed with the PCell, based on that theantenna type of the wireless communication device is configured as theshared antenna and based on that the second information is included inthe cell information.

MRTD and/or MTTD may be applied to the wireless communication devicewhile performing the communication.

For example, the communication with the both of the Pcell and SCell maybe performed based on a relative receive timing difference between afirst receive timing from the Pcell and a second receive timing from theSCell. The relative receiving timing difference may not exceed MRTD.

The communication with the both of the PCell and SCell may be performedsuch that a relative transmission timing difference between a firsttransmission timing to the Pcell and a second transmission timing to theSCell. The relative transmission timing difference may not exceed amaximum transmission timing difference.

MRTD may be set based on the cell information and the antenna type ofthe wireless communication device. For example, Table 7, 9, 11, 13and/or 15 may be used for the MRTD

MTTD may be set based on the cell information and the antenna type ofthe wireless communication device. For example, Table 8, 19, 12, 14and/or 16 may be used for the MTTD.

Before or after step S1001 is performed, the wireless communicationdevice may transmit capability information related to the antenna typeof the wireless communication device to the PCell. The capabilityinformation may inform the PCell that the wireless communication deviceis configured with the shared antenna or separated antennas.

FIG. 11 is a flow chart showing an example of operation of base stationaccording to a disclosure of this specification.

FIG. 11 shows an example of the operation of the base station, whichincludes PCell. The base station may perform operations, explained abovewith FIGS. 1 to 9 b, related to the PCell, base station and gNB.Operation of the base station is not limited to FIG. 11.

In step S1101, the base station may receive capability information froma wireless communication device. The capability information is relatedto an antenna type of the wireless communication device.

In step S1102, the base station may determine an applicability of theinter-band CA. For example, the base station may determine theapplicability of the inter-band CA with the PCell and a SCell based onthe capability information and cell information. The cell informationmay include first information that the PCell is collocated with theSCell within the base station or second information that the PCell isnot collocated with the SCell. The SCell and the PCell use differentoperating bands to be configured for the inter-band CA.

For example, the applicability of the inter-band CA may be determined tobe applicable, based on that the first information is included in thecell information. For example, the applicability of the inter-band CAmay be determined to be applicable, based on that the antenna type ofthe wireless communication device is separated antennas and based onthat the second information is included in the cell information. Forexample, the applicability of the inter-band CA may be determined to benot applicable, based on that the antenna type of the wirelesscommunication device is a shared antenna and based on that the secondinformation is included in the cell information.

The base station may transmit the cell information to the wirelesscommunication device. The cell information may informs the wirelesscommunication device that the PCell and SCell are collocated or notcollocated.

In step S1103, the base station may perform communication based on theapplicability of the inter-band CA.

The base station may perform the communication based on configuringinter-band CA or not configuring inter-band CA according to theapplicability of the inter-band CA. For example, the base station mayconfigure the inter-band CA with the PCell and the SCell, based on thatthe applicability of the inter-band CA is determined to be applicable.For example, the base station may not configure the inter-band CA withthe PCell and the SCell, based on that the applicability of theinter-band CA is determined to be not applicable.

<Communication System to which the Disclosure of this Specification isto be Applied>

While not limited to thereto, the various descriptions, functions,procedures, suggestions, methods, and/or operational flowcharts of thepresent specification disclosed herein may be applied to in variousfields requiring wireless communication/connection (e.g., 5G) betweendevices.

Hereinafter, a communication system to which the present specificationcan be applied is described in more detail with reference to thedrawings. The same reference numerals in the followingdrawings/descriptions may illustrate the same or corresponding hardwareblocks, software blocks, or functional blocks unless otherwiseindicated.

FIG. 12 illustrates a communication system 1 that can be applied to thepresent specification.

Referring to FIG. 12, a communication system 1 applied to the presentspecification includes a wireless device, a base station, and a network.Here, the wireless device means a device that performs communicationusing a wireless access technology (e.g., 5G New RAT (Long Term), LongTerm Evolution (LTE)), and may be referred to as acommunication/wireless/5G device.

Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may include a robot100 a, a vehicle 100 b-1, 100 b-2, an eXtended Reality (XR) device 100c, a hand-held device 100 d, a home appliance 100 e, an Internet ofThing (IoT) device 100 f, and the AI device/server 400. For example, thevehicle may include a vehicle having a wireless communication function,an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing inter-vehiclecommunication, and the like.

Here, the vehicle may include an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (e.g., adrone). XR device may include AR (Augmented Reality)/VR (VirtualReality)/MR (Mixed Reality) device. XR device may be implemented in theform of Head-Mounted Device (HMD), Head-Up Display (HUD), television,smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, a digitalsignage, a vehicle, a robot, and the like.

The mobile device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearabledevice (e.g., smart watch, smart glasses), and a computer (e.g., alaptop, etc.). The home appliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, awashing machine, and the like. IoT devices may include sensors, smartmeters, and the like. For example, the base station and the network maybe implemented as a wireless device, and the specific wireless device200 a may operate as a base station/network node to other wirelessdevices.

The wireless devices 100 a to 100 f may be connected to the network 300through the base station 200. AI (Artificial Intelligence) technologymay be applied to the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f, and the wirelessdevices 100 a to 100 f may be connected to the AI server 400 through thenetwork 300.

The network 300 may be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g. LTE)network, a 5G (e.g. NR) network, or the like. The wireless devices 100a-100 f may communicate with each other via the base station 200/network300, but may also communicate directly (e.g. sidelink communication)without passing through the base station/network. For example, thevehicles 100 b-1 and 100 b-2 may perform direct communication (e.g.vehicle to vehicle (V2V)/vehicle to everything (V2X) communication). Inaddition, the IoT device (e.g. sensor) may directly communicate withanother IoT device (e.g. sensor) or another wireless device 100 a to 100f.

A wireless communication/connection 150 a, 150 b, 150 c may be performedbetween the wireless devices 100 a-100 f/base station 200 and basestation 200/base station 200. Here, the wirelesscommunication/connection is implemented based on various wirelessconnections (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink/downlink communication 150 a,sidelink communication 150 b (or D2D communication), inter-base stationcommunication 150 c (e.g. relay, integrated access backhaul), and thelike.

The wireless device and the base station/wireless device, the basestation, and the base station may transmit/receive radio signals to eachother through the wireless communication/connections 150 a, 150 b, and150 c. For example, wireless communications/connections 150 a, 150 b,150 c may transmit/receive signals over various physical channels. Tothis end, based on various proposals of the present specification, Atleast some of various configuration information setting processes fortransmitting/receiving a wireless signal, various signal processingprocesses (e.g., channel encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation,resource mapping/demapping, etc.) may be performed.

FIG. 13 illustrates an example of a wireless device that can be appliedto the present specification.

Referring to FIG. 13, the first wireless device 100 and the secondwireless device 200 may transmit and receive wireless signals throughvarious wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE and NR). Here, the{first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200} may referto the {wireless device 100 x, the base station 200} and/or the{wireless device 100 x, the wireless device 100 x of FIG. 12}. Here, xof 100 x may be at least one of a, b-1, b-2, c, d, f, e.

The first wireless device 100 includes one or more processors 102 andone or more memories 104, and may further include one or moretransceivers 106 and/or one or more antennas 108. The processor 102controls the memory 104 and/or the transceiver 106 and may be configuredto implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions,methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.

For example, the processor 102 may process the information in the memory104 to generate a first information/signal, and then transmit thewireless signal including the first information/signal through thetransceiver 106. In addition, the processor 102 may receive the radiosignal including a second information/signal through the transceiver 106and store the information obtained from the signal processing of thesecond information/signal in the memory 104.

The memory 104 may be connected to the processor 102 and may storevarious information related to the operation of the processor 102. Forexample, the memory 104 may store software code that includesinstructions to perform some or all of the processes controlled by theprocessor 102 or to perform descriptions, functions, procedures,suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.

Here, the processor 102 and memory 104 may be part of a communicationmodem/circuit/chip designed to implement wireless communicationtechnology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver 106 may be coupled with theprocessor 102 and may transmit and/or receive wireless signals via oneor more antennas 108. The transceiver 106 may include a transmitterand/or a receiver. The transceiver 106 may be described as being mixedwith a radio frequency (RF) unit. In the present specification, awireless device may mean a communication modem/circuit/chip.

The second wireless device 200 may include one or more processors 202,one or more memories 204, and may further include one or moretransceivers 206 and/or one or more antennas 208. The processor 202controls the memory 204 and/or the transceiver 206 and may be configuredto implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions,methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.

For example, the processor 202 may process the information in the memory204 to generate third information/signal, and then transmit a wirelesssignal including the third information/signal through the transceiver206. In addition, the processor 202 may receive the radio signalincluding the fourth information/signal through the transceiver 206 andthen store the information obtained from the signal processing of thefourth information/signal in the memory 204.

The memory 204 may be connected to the processor 202 and store variousinformation related to the operation of the processor 202. For example,the memory 204 may store software code that include instructions toperform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor 202 orto perform descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methodsand/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.

Here, processor 202 and memory 204 may be part of a communicationmodem/circuit/chip designed to implement wireless communicationtechnology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver 206 may be coupled with theprocessor 202 and may transmit and/or receive wireless signals via oneor more antennas 208. The transceiver 206 may include a transmitterand/or a receiver. The transceiver 206 may be described being mixed withan RF unit. In the present specification, a wireless device may mean acommunication modem/circuit/chip.

Hereinafter, hardware elements of the wireless devices 100 and 200 willbe described in more detail. One or more protocol layers may beimplemented by one or more processors 102, 202. The hardware elements ofthe wireless devices 100 and 200 are not limited thereto.

For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may implement one ormore layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC,SDAP). One or more processors 102, 202 may generate one or more ProtocolData Units (PDUs) and/or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) based onthe descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed herein.

One or more processors 102, 202 may generate messages, controlinformation, data or information in accordance with the descriptions,functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operationalflowcharts disclosed herein.

One or more processors 102, 202 may generate signals (e.g., basebandsignals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data orinformation in accordance with the functions, procedures, suggestionsand/or methods disclosed herein, and may provide the signals to one ormore transceivers 106 and 206.

One or more processors 102, 202 may receive signals (e.g., basebandsignals) from one or more transceivers 106, 206 and may obtain the PDU,the SDU, the message, the control information, the data, or theinformation based on a description, functions, procedures, suggestions,methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.

One or more processors 102, 202 may be referred to as a controller,microcontroller, microprocessor, or microcomputer. One or moreprocessors 102, 202 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software,or a combination thereof.

For example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits(ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or moreDigital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more ProgrammableLogic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays(FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors 102, 202.

The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed herein may be implemented usingfirmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented toinclude modules, procedures, functions, and the like. Firmware orsoftware configured to perform the descriptions, functions, procedures,suggestions, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein maybe included in one or more processors (102, 202), or may be stored inone or more memories (104, 204) and be executed by the processor (102,202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods,and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein may be implemented usingfirmware or software in the form of code, instructions, and/or a set ofinstructions.

One or more memories 104, 204 may be coupled with one or more processors102, 202 and may store various forms of data, signals, messages,information, programs, codes, instructions, and/or instructions. One ormore memories 104, 204 may be comprised of ROM, RAM, EPROM, flashmemory, hard drive, registers, cache memory, computer readable storagemedium, and/or combinations thereof. One or more memories 104, 204 maybe located inside and/or outside one or more processors 102, 202. Inaddition, one or more memories 104, 204 may be coupled with one or moreprocessors 102, 202 through various techniques, such as a wired orwireless connection.

One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, controlinformation, wireless signals/channels, etc., as mentioned in themethods and/or operational flowcharts of this document, to one or moreother devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive, fromone or more other devices, user data, control information, wirelesssignals/channels, etc., as mentioned in the descriptions, functions,procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosedherein. For example, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be coupledwith one or more processors 102 and 202 and may transmit and receivewireless signals.

For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may control one or moretransceivers 106 and 206 to transmit user data, control information orwireless signals to one or more other devices. In addition, one or moreprocessors 102 and 202 may control one or more transceivers 106 and 206to receive user data, control information or wireless signals from oneor more other devices. In addition, one or more transceivers 106, 206may be coupled with one or more antennas 108, 208. One or moretransceivers 106, 206 may be configured to transmit and receive userdata, control information, wireless signals/channels, etc., which arementioned in the procedures, functions, descriptions, suggestions,methods and/or operational flowcharts, and the like via one or moreantennas 108, 208.

In the present specification, one or more antennas may be a plurality ofphysical antennas or a plurality of logical antennas (e.g., antennaports). One or more transceivers 106, 206 may convert the receivedwireless signal/channel or the like from RF band signal to a basebandsignal to process user data, control information, wirelesssignals/channels, etc. in an one or more processors 102, 202. One ormore transceivers 106 and 206 may use the one or more processors 102 and202 to convert processed user data, control information, wirelesssignals/channels, etc. from baseband signals to RF band signals. To thisend, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog)oscillators and/or filters.

FIG. 14 illustrates an example of a signal processing circuit for atransmission signal that can be applied to the present specification.

Referring to FIG. 14, the signal processing circuit 1000 may include ascrambler 1010, a modulator 1020, a layer mapper 1030, a precoder 1040,a resource mapper 1050, and a signal generator 1060.

Although not limited thereto, the operations/functions of FIG. 14 may beperformed in the processor (102, 202), the memory (104, 204) and/ortransceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 13.

The hardware element of FIG. 14 may be implemented in the processors 102and 202 and/or the transceivers 106 and 206 of FIG. 13. For example,blocks 1010-1060 may be implemented in the processors 102, 202 of FIG.13. Also, blocks 1010-1050 may be implemented in the processors 102 and202 of FIG. 13, and block 1060 may be implemented in the transceivers106 and 206 of FIG. 13.

The codeword may be converted into a wireless signal through the signalprocessing circuit 1000 of FIG. 14. Here, the codeword is an encoded bitsequence of the information block. The information block may include atransport block (e.g., a UL-SCH transport block and a DL-SCH transportblock). The wireless signal may be transmitted through various physicalchannels (e.g., PUSCH, PDSCH).

In detail, the codeword may be converted into a scrambled bit sequenceby the scrambler 1010. The scramble sequence used for scramble isgenerated based on the initialization value, and the initializationvalue may include ID information of the wireless device. The scrambledbit sequence may be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by themodulator 1020. The modulation scheme may include pi/2-Binary PhaseShift Keying (pi/2-BPSK), m-Phase Shift Keying (m-PSK), m-QuadratureAmplitude Modulation (m-QAM), and the like.

The complex modulation symbol sequence may be mapped to one or moretransport layers by the layer mapper 1030. The modulation symbols ofeach transport layer may be mapped (precoding) to the correspondingantenna port (s) by the precoder 1040. The output z of the precoder 1040may be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper 1030 bythe precoding matrix W of N*M. Where N is the number of antenna portsand M is the number of transport layers. Here, the precoder 1040 mayperform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFTtransform) on complex modulation symbols. Also, the precoder 1040 mayperform precoding without performing transform precoding.

The resource mapper 1050 may map modulation symbols of each antenna portto time-frequency resources. The time-frequency resource may include aplurality of symbols (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols, DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) inthe time domain, and may include a plurality of subcarriers in thefrequency domain. The signal generator 1060 generates a radio signalfrom the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated radio signal maybe transmitted to another device through each antenna. To this end, thesignal generator 1060 may include an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform(IFFT) module, a Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserter, a Digital-to-AnalogConverter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, and the like.

The signal processing procedure for the received signal in the wirelessdevice may be configured in the reverse manner of the signal processingprocedures 1010′″ 1060 of FIG. 14. For example, a wireless device (e.g.,100 and 200 of FIG. 13) may receive a wireless signal from the outsidethrough an antenna port/transceiver. The received wireless signal may beconverted into a baseband signal through a signal recoverer. To thisend, the signal recoverer may include a frequency downlink converter, ananalog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP canceller, and a fast fouriertransform (FFT) module. Thereafter, the baseband signal may be restoredto a codeword through a resource de-mapper process, a postcodingprocess, a demodulation process, and a de-scramble process. The codewordmay be restored to the original information block through decoding.Thus, signal processing circuitry (not shown) for the received signalmay include a signal recoverer, a resource de-mapper, a postcoder, ademodulator, a de-scrambler and a decoder.

FIG. 15 illustrates another example of a wireless device that can beapplied to the present specification.

The wireless device may be implemented in various forms according to ause-example/service (see FIGS. 12 and 16-18).

Referring to FIG. 15, the wireless devices 100 and 200 correspond to thewireless devices 100 and 200 of FIG. 13, and the wireless devices 100and 200 may be configured with various elements, components, units,and/or modules.

For example, the wireless device 100, 200 may include a communicationunit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, and additionalcomponents 140. The communication unit may include communication circuit112 and transceiver (s) 114.

For example, the communication circuit 112 may include one or moreprocessors 102, 202 and/or one or more memories 104, 204 of FIG. 13. Forexample, the transceiver (s) 114 may include one or more transceivers106, 206 and/or one or more antennas 108, 208 of FIG. 13.

The control unit 120 is electrically connected to the communication unit110, the memory unit 130, and the additional components 140, andcontrols various operations of the wireless device. For example, thecontrol unit 120 may control the electrical/mechanical operation of thewireless device based on the program/code/command/information stored inthe memory unit 130.

In addition, the control unit 120 may transmit information stored in thememory unit 130 to the outside (e.g., another communication device)through the communication unit 110 through a wireless/wired interface.The control unit 120 may store the information received through thewireless/wired interface from the outside (e.g., another communicationdevice) through the communication unit 110 in the memory unit 130. Forexample, the control unit 120 may include one or more processors 102 and202 and/or one or more memories 104 and 204 of FIG. 13. For example, thememory unit 130 may include one or more memories 104 and 204 of FIG. 13.

The additional components 140 may be variously configured according tothe type of the wireless device. For example, the additional components140 may include at least one of a power unit/battery, an input/outputunit, a driving unit, and a computing unit. Although not limitedthereto, the wireless device may be implemented in the form of a robot(FIG. 12, 100 a), a vehicle (FIG. 12, 100 b-1, 100 b-2), an XR device(FIG. 12, 100 c), a portable device (FIG. 12, 100 d), a home appliance.(FIG. 12, 100 e), IoT devices (FIG. 12, 1000, terminals for digitalbroadcasting, hologram devices, public safety devices, MTC devices,medical devices, fintech devices (or financial devices), securitydevices, climate/environment devices, an AI server/device (FIGS. 12 and400), a base station (FIGS. 12 and 200), a network node, and the like.The wireless device may be used in a mobile or fixed location dependingon the usage-example/service.

In FIG. 15, various elements, components, units/units, and/or modules inthe wireless devices 100 and 200 may be entirely interconnected througha wired interface, or at least a part of them may be wirelesslyconnected through the communication unit 110. For example, the controlunit 120 and the communication unit 110 are connected by wire in thewireless device 100 or 200, and the control unit 120 and the first unit(e.g., 130 and 140) are connected wirelessly through the communicationunit 110. In addition, each element, component, unit/unit, and/or modulein wireless device 100, 200 may further include one or more elements.For example, the control unit 120 may be composed of one or moreprocessor sets. For example, the control unit 120 may be configured as aset of a communication control processor, an application processor, anelectronic control unit (ECU), a graphics processing processor, a memorycontrol processor, and the like. As another example, the memory unit 130may include random access memory (RAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), read onlymemory (ROM), flash memory, volatile memory, and non-volatile memoryand/or combinations thereof.

Hereinafter, the implementation example of FIG. 15 will be described inmore detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 16 illustrates an example of a mobile device that can be applied tothe present specification.

The mobile device may include a smart phone, a smart pad, a wearabledevice (e.g., smart watch, smart glasses), and a portable computer(e.g., a laptop, etc.). The mobile device may be referred to as a mobilestation (MS), a user terminal (UT), a mobile subscriber station (MSS), asubscriber station (SS), an advanced mobile station (AMS), or a wirelessterminal (WT).

Referring to FIG. 16, the portable device 100 includes an antenna unit108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, apower supply unit 140 a, an interface unit 140 b, and an input/outputunit 140 c. The antenna unit 108 may be configured as part of thecommunication unit 110. Blocks 110 to 130/140 a to 140 c respectivelycorrespond to blocks 110 to 130/140 of FIG. 15.

The communication unit 110 may transmit and receive signals (e.g., data,control signals, etc.) with other wireless devices and base stations.The control unit 120 may control various components of the portabledevice 100 to perform various operations. The control unit 120 mayinclude an application processor (AP). The memory unit 130 may storedata/parameters/programs/codes/commands necessary for driving theportable device 100. In addition, the memory unit 130 may storeinput/output data/information and the like.

The power supply unit 140 a supplies power to the portable device 100and may include a wired/wireless charging circuit, a battery, and thelike. The interface unit 140 b may support the connection of the mobiledevice 100 to another external device. The interface unit 140 b mayinclude various ports (e.g., audio input/output port and videoinput/output port) for connecting to an external device. Theinput/output unit 140 c may receive or output image information/signal,audio information/signal, data, and/or information input from a user.The input/output unit 140 c may include a camera, a microphone, a userinput unit, a display unit 140 d, a speaker, and/or a haptic module.

For example, in the case of data communication, the input/output unit140 c obtains information/signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, andvideo) input from a user, and the obtained information/signal may bestored in a memory unit 130. The communication unit 110 may convert theinformation/signal stored in the memory unit 130 into a wireless signaland directly transmit the converted wireless signal to another wirelessdevice or to the base station. In addition, the communication unit 110may receive a radio signal from another wireless device or a basestation, and then restore the received radio signal to originalinformation/signal. The restored information/signal may be stored in thememory unit 130 and then output in various forms (e.g., text, voice,image, video, and haptic) through the input/output unit 140 c.

FIG. 17 illustrates an example of a vehicle or an autonomous vehiclethat can be applied to the present specification.

The vehicle or autonomous vehicle may be implemented as a mobile robot,a vehicle, a train, an aerial vehicle (AV), a ship, or the like.

Referring to FIG. 17, the vehicle or the autonomous vehicle 100 mayinclude an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit120, a driving unit 140 a, a power supply unit 140 b, a sensor unit 140c, and autonomous driving unit 140 d.

The antenna unit 108 may be configured as part of the communication unit110. The blocks 110/130/140 a to 140 d may correspond to blocks110/130/140 of FIG. 15, respectively. The communication unit 110 maytransmit or receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) withexternal devices, such as base stations (e.g. base stations, road sideunits, etc.), servers, and the like.

The control unit 120 may control various elements of the vehicle or theautonomous vehicle 100 to perform various operations. The control unit120 may include an ECU (Electronic Control Unit). The driving unit 140 amay cause the vehicle or the autonomous vehicle 100 to drive on theground. The driving unit 140 a may include an engine, a motor, a powertrain, wheels, a brake, a steering device, and the like. The powersupply unit 140 b supplies power to the vehicle or the autonomousvehicle 100, and may include a wired/wireless charging circuit, abattery, and the like.

The sensor unit 140 c may obtain vehicle status, surrounding environmentinformation, user information, and the like. The sensor unit 140 cincludes an inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor, a collision sensor,a wheel sensor, a speed sensor, an inclination sensor, a weight sensor,a heading sensor, a position module, a position forward, and a vehicleforward/reverse sensors, battery sensors, fuel sensors, tire sensors,steering sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, ultrasonicsensors, illuminance sensors, pedal position sensors, and the like. Theautonomous driving unit 140 d may implement a technology for maintaininga driving lane, a technology for automatically adjusting speed such asadaptive cruise control, a technology for automatically driving along apredetermined route, and automatically setting a route when adestination, and the like.

For example, the communication unit 110 may receive map data, trafficinformation data, and the like from an external server. The autonomousdriving unit 140 d may generate an autonomous driving route and adriving plan based on the obtained data. The control unit 120 maycontrol the driving unit 140 a to move the vehicle or the autonomousvehicle 100 along the autonomous driving path according to the drivingplan (e.g., speed/direction adjustment). During autonomous driving, thecommunication unit 110 may acquire the latest traffic information dataperiodically or aperiodically from an external server and may obtain thesurrounding traffic information data from the surrounding vehicles.

In addition, during autonomous driving, the sensor unit 140 c mayacquire vehicle state and surrounding environment information. Theautonomous driving unit 140 d may update the autonomous driving routeand the driving plan based on the newly obtained data/information. Thecommunication unit 110 may transmit information regarding a vehiclelocation, an autonomous driving route, a driving plan, and the like toan external server. The external server may predict traffic informationdata in advance using AI technology or the like based on informationcollected from the vehicle or autonomous vehicles, and provide thepredicted traffic information data to the vehicle or autonomousvehicles.

FIG. 18 illustrates an example of an AI device that can be applied tothe present specification.

An AI device may be implemented as a fixed device or a mobile device,such as TVs, projectors, smartphones, PCs, laptops, digital broadcastingterminals, tablet PCs, wearable devices, set-top boxes (STBs), radios,washing machines, refrigerators, digital signage, robots, vehicles, andthe like.

Referring to FIG. 18, the AI device 100 includes a communication unit110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, an input/output unit 140a/140 b, a learning processor unit 140 c, and a sensor unit 140 d.Blocks 110 to 130/140 a to 140 d respectively correspond to blocks 110to 130/140 of FIG. 15.

The communication unit 110 communicates may transmit or receive wiredsignals and wireless signals (e.g., sensor information, user input,learning model, control signal, etc.) with external devices such asanother AI device (e.g., FIG. 1, 100 x, 200, 400) or an AI server (e.g.,400 of FIG. 12) by using a wired or wireless communication technology.To this end, the communication unit 110 may transmit information in thememory unit 130 to an external device, or may transmit a signal receivedfrom the external device to the memory unit 130.

The control unit 120 may determine at least one executable operation ofthe AI device 100 based on the information determined or generated usingthe data analysis algorithm or the machine learning algorithm.

In addition, the control unit 120 may control the components of the AIdevice 100 to perform the determined operation. For example, the controlunit 120 may request, search, receive, or utilize data of the runningprocessor 140 c or the memory 130. The control unit 120 may control thecomponents of the AI device 100 to execute a predicted or desirableoperation among at least one executable operation.

In addition, the control unit 120 collects history information includingthe operation contents of the AI device 100 or the user's feedback onthe operation, and stores the information in the memory unit 130 or therunning processor unit 140 c or transmits the information to an externaldevice such as an AI server (FIG. 12, 400). The collected historicalinformation can be used to update the learning model.

The memory unit 130 may store data supporting various functions of theAI device 100. For example, the memory unit 130 may store data obtainedfrom the input unit 140 a, data obtained from the communication unit110, output data of the learning processor unit 140 c, and data obtainedfrom the sensing unit 140. In addition, the memory unit 130 may storecontrol information and/or software code necessary foroperation/execution of the control unit 120.

The input unit 140 a may obtain various types of data from the outsideof the AI device 100. For example, the input unit 140 a may acquiretraining data for model learning, input data to which the training modelis applied, and the like. The input unit 140 a may include a camera, amicrophone, and/or a user input unit. The output unit 140 b may generatean output related to sight, hearing, or touch. The output unit 140 b mayinclude a display unit, a speaker, and/or a haptic module. The sensingunit 140 may obtain at least one of internal information of the AIdevice 100, environment information of the AI device 100, and userinformation using various sensors. The sensing unit 140 may include aproximity sensor, an illumination sensor, an acceleration sensor, amagnetic sensor, a gyro sensor, an inertial sensor, an RGB sensor, an IRsensor, a fingerprint sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an optical sensor, amicrophone, and/or a radar, and the like.

The learning processor unit 140 c may train a model composed ofartificial neural networks using the training data. The learningprocessor unit 140 c may perform AI processing together with thelearning processor unit of the AI server (FIGS. 12 and 400). Thelearning processor unit 140 c may process information received from anexternal device through the communication unit 110 and/or informationstored in the memory unit 130. In addition, the output value of thelearning processor unit 140 c may be transmitted to the external devicethrough the communication unit 110 and/or stored in the memory unit 130.As described above, although the embodiments have been described asexamples, since the content and scope of this specification will not belimited only to a particular embodiment of this specification, thisspecification may be amended, modified, or enhanced to other variousforms.

In the above exemplary systems, although the methods have been describedon the basis of the flowcharts using a series of the steps or blocks,the present disclosure is not limited to the sequence of the steps, andsome of the steps may be performed at different sequences from theremaining steps or may be performed simultaneously with the remainingsteps. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that thesteps shown in the flowcharts are not exclusive and may include othersteps or one or more steps of the flowcharts may be deleted withoutaffecting the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims in the present description can be combined in a various way. Forinstance, technical features in method claims of the present descriptioncan be combined to be implemented or performed in an apparatus, andtechnical features in apparatus claims can be combined to be implementedor performed in a method. Further, technical features in method claim(s)and apparatus claim(s) can be combined to be implemented or performed inan apparatus. Further, technical features in method claim(s) andapparatus claim(s) can be combined to be implemented or performed in amethod.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for performing communication related tointer-band carrier aggregation (CA), the method performed by a wirelesscommunication device and comprising: transmitting capability informationabout a beam management type for the inter-band CA of a wirelesscommunication device; and performing communication with the wirelesscommunication device with both of a Primary Cell (PCell) and a SecondaryCell (SCell), wherein the SCell and the PCell use different operatingbands for the inter-band CA, wherein the communication with both of thePCell and SCell is performed based on a relative receive timingdifference between a first receive timing from the PCell and a secondreceive timing from the SCell, wherein the relative receive timingdifference does not exceed a maximum receive timing difference (MRTD),wherein the MRTD is set based on a combination of frequency range forthe PCell and frequency range for the SCell, and wherein the MRTD isapplied based on that the beam management type for the inter-band CA isindependent beam management, for a combination that frequency range forboth of the PCell and SCell is frequency range 2 (FR2).
 2. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the beam management type for the inter-band CA isindependent beam management or a common beam management.
 3. The methodof claim 1, wherein the MRTD is 8 us, for the combination that frequencyrange for both of the PCell and SCell is FR2, wherein the MRTD is 33 us,for a combination that frequency range for both of the PCell and SCellis FR1, and wherein the MRTD is 25 us, for a combination that frequencyranges for the PCell and SCell are FR1 and FR2.
 4. The method of claim1, wherein the communication with the both of the PCell and SCell isperformed based on a relative transmission timing difference between afirst transmission timing to the PCell and a second transmission timingto the SCell, and wherein the relative transmission timing differencedoes not exceed a maximum transmission timing difference (MTTD).
 5. Themethod of claim 4, wherein the MTTD is applied based on that the beammanagement type for the inter-band CA is independent beam management,for the combination that frequency range for both of the PCell and SCellis FR2.
 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the MTTD is 8.5 us, for thecombination that frequency range for both of the PCell and SCell is FR2,wherein the MTTD is 34.6 us, for a combination that frequency range forboth of the PCell and SCell is FR1, and wherein the MTTD is 26.1 us, fora combination that frequency ranges for the PCell and SCell are FR1 andFR2.
 7. A wireless communication device in wireless communicationsystem, the wireless communication device comprising: at least onetransceiver; at least one processor; and at least one computer memoryoperably connectable to the at least one processor and storinginstructions that, based on being executed by the at least oneprocessor, perform operations comprising: transmitting capabilityinformation about a beam management type for the inter-band CA of awireless communication device; and performing communication with thewireless communication device with both of a Primary Cell (PCell) and aSecondary Cell (SCell), wherein the SCell and the PCell use differentoperating bands for the inter-band CA, wherein the communication withboth of the PCell and SCell is performed based on a relative receivetiming difference between a first receive timing from the PCell and asecond receive timing from the SCell, wherein the relative receivetiming difference does not exceed a maximum receive timing difference(MRTD), wherein the MRTD is set based on a combination of frequencyrange for the PCell and frequency range for the SCell, and wherein theMRTD is applied based on that the beam management type for theinter-band CA is independent beam management, for a combination thatfrequency range for both of the PCell and SCell is frequency range 2(FR2).
 8. The wireless communication of claim 7, wherein the beammanagement type for the inter-band CA is independent beam management ora common beam management.
 9. The wireless communication of claim 7,wherein the MRTD is 8 us, for the combination that frequency range forboth of the PCell and SCell is FR2, wherein the MRTD is 33 us, for acombination that frequency range for both of the PCell and SCell is FR1,and wherein the MRTD is 25 us, for a combination that frequency rangesfor the PCell and SCell are FR1 and FR2.
 10. The wireless communicationof claim 7, wherein the communication with the both of the PCell andSCell is performed based on a relative transmission timing differencebetween a first transmission timing to the PCell and a secondtransmission timing to the SCell, and wherein the relative transmissiontiming difference does not exceed a maximum transmission timingdifference (MTTD).
 11. The wireless communication of claim 10, whereinthe MTTD is applied based on that the beam management type for theinter-band CA is independent beam management, for the combination thatfrequency range for both of the PCell and SCell is FR2.
 12. The wirelesscommunication of claim 11, wherein the MTTD is 8.5 us, for thecombination that frequency range for both of the PCell and SCell is FR2,wherein the MTTD is 34.6 us, for a combination that frequency range forboth of the PCell and SCell is FR1, and wherein the MTTD is 26.1 us, fora combination that frequency ranges for the PCell and SCell are FR1 andFR2.
 13. The wireless communication of claim 7, wherein the wirelesscommunication device is an autonomous driving device, which communicateswith at least one of a mobile terminal, a network, and an autonomousvehicle other than the wireless communication device.